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Security Advisories: GSA_kwCzR0hTQS13cHJ2LTkzcjQtamoycM4AAz8m
OpenZeppelin Contracts using MerkleProof multiproofs may allow proving arbitrary leaves for specific trees
Impact
When the verifyMultiProof, verifyMultiProofCalldata, processMultiProof, or processMultiProofCalldata functions are in use, it is possible to construct merkle trees that allow forging a valid multiproof for an arbitrary set of leaves.
A contract may be vulnerable if it uses multiproofs for verification and the merkle tree that is processed includes a node with value 0 at depth 1 (just under the root). This could happen inadvertently for balanced trees with 3 leaves or less, if the leaves are not hashed. This could happen deliberately if a malicious tree builder includes such a node in the tree.
A contract is not vulnerable if it uses single-leaf proving (verify, verifyCalldata, processProof, or processProofCalldata), or if it uses multiproofs with a known tree that has hashed leaves. Standard merkle trees produced or validated with the @openzeppelin/merkle-tree library are safe.
Patches
The problem has been patched in 4.9.2.
Workarounds
If you are using multiproofs: When constructing merkle trees hash the leaves and do not insert empty nodes in your trees. Using the @openzeppelin/merkle-tree package eliminates this issue. Do not accept user-provided merkle roots without reconstructing at least the first level of the tree. Verify the merkle tree structure by reconstructing it from the leaves.
Permalink: https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-wprv-93r4-jj2pJSON: https://advisories.ecosyste.ms/api/v1/advisories/GSA_kwCzR0hTQS13cHJ2LTkzcjQtamoycM4AAz8m
Source: GitHub Advisory Database
Origin: Unspecified
Severity: Moderate
Classification: General
Published: 11 months ago
Updated: 6 months ago
CVSS Score: 5.3
CVSS vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
Identifiers: GHSA-wprv-93r4-jj2p, CVE-2023-34459
References:
- https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/security/advisories/GHSA-wprv-93r4-jj2p
- https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-34459
- https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/commit/4d2383e17186be3e8ccf5a442e9686ecc7de1c55
- https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/releases/tag/v4.9.2
- https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-wprv-93r4-jj2p
Blast Radius: 24.1
Affected Packages
npm:@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable
Dependent packages: 853Dependent repositories: 4,919
Downloads: 596,544 last month
Affected Version Ranges: >= 4.7.0, < 4.9.2
Fixed in: 4.9.2
All affected versions: 4.7.0, 4.7.1, 4.7.2, 4.7.3, 4.8.0, 4.8.1, 4.8.2, 4.8.3, 4.9.0, 4.9.1
All unaffected versions: 3.2.0, 3.3.0, 3.4.0, 3.4.1, 3.4.2, 4.0.0, 4.1.0, 4.2.0, 4.3.0, 4.3.1, 4.3.2, 4.3.3, 4.4.0, 4.4.1, 4.4.2, 4.5.0, 4.5.1, 4.5.2, 4.6.0, 4.9.2, 4.9.3, 4.9.4, 4.9.5, 4.9.6, 5.0.0, 5.0.1, 5.0.2
npm:@openzeppelin/contracts
Dependent packages: 3,207Dependent repositories: 34,743
Downloads: 1,542,151 last month
Affected Version Ranges: >= 4.7.0, < 4.9.2
Fixed in: 4.9.2
All affected versions: 4.7.0, 4.7.1, 4.7.2, 4.7.3, 4.8.0, 4.8.1, 4.8.2, 4.8.3, 4.9.0, 4.9.1
All unaffected versions: 2.3.0, 2.4.0, 2.5.0, 2.5.1, 3.0.0, 3.0.1, 3.0.2, 3.1.0, 3.2.0, 3.3.0, 3.4.0, 3.4.1, 3.4.2, 4.0.0, 4.1.0, 4.2.0, 4.3.0, 4.3.1, 4.3.2, 4.3.3, 4.4.0, 4.4.1, 4.4.2, 4.5.0, 4.6.0, 4.9.2, 4.9.3, 4.9.4, 4.9.5, 4.9.6, 5.0.0, 5.0.1, 5.0.2