Ecosyste.ms: Advisories

An open API service providing security vulnerability metadata for many open source software ecosystems.

Security Advisories: GSA_kwCzR0hTQS1oN3ZmLTV3cnYtOWZods4AAxVO

Symfony storing cookie headers in HttpCache

Description

The Symfony HTTP cache system acts as a reverse proxy: it caches HTTP responses (including headers) and returns them to clients.

In a recent AbstractSessionListener change, the response might now contain a Set-Cookie header. If the Symfony HTTP cache system is enabled, this header might be stored and returned to some other clients. An attacker can use this vulnerability to retrieve the victim's session.

Resolution

The HttpStore constructor now takes a parameter containing a list of private headers that are removed from the HTTP response headers.
The default value for this parameter is Set-Cookie, but it can be overridden or extended by the application.

The patch for this issue is available here for branch 4.4.

Credits

We would like to thank Soner Sayakci for reporting the issue and Nicolas Grekas for fixing it.

Permalink: https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-h7vf-5wrv-9fhv
JSON: https://advisories.ecosyste.ms/api/v1/advisories/GSA_kwCzR0hTQS1oN3ZmLTV3cnYtOWZods4AAxVO
Source: GitHub Advisory Database
Origin: Unspecified
Severity: Moderate
Classification: General
Published: almost 2 years ago
Updated: over 1 year ago


CVSS Score: 5.9
CVSS vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:L

EPSS Percentage: 0.00212
EPSS Percentile: 0.5872

Identifiers: GHSA-h7vf-5wrv-9fhv, CVE-2022-24894
References: Repository: https://github.com/symfony/symfony
Blast Radius: 33.8

Affected Packages

packagist:symfony/symfony
Dependent packages: 3,530
Dependent repositories: 22,779
Downloads: 82,334,216 total
Affected Version Ranges: >= 6.2.0, < 6.2.6, >= 6.1.0, < 6.1.12, >= 6.0.0, < 6.0.20, >= 5.0.0, < 5.4.20, >= 2.0.0, < 4.4.50
Fixed in: 6.2.6, 6.1.12, 6.0.20, 5.4.20, 4.4.50
All affected versions: 2.0.4, 2.0.5, 2.0.6, 2.0.7, 2.0.9, 2.0.10, 2.0.11, 2.0.12, 2.0.13, 2.0.14, 2.0.15, 2.0.16, 2.0.17, 2.0.18, 2.0.19, 2.0.20, 2.0.21, 2.0.22, 2.0.23, 2.0.24, 2.0.25, 2.1.0, 2.1.1, 2.1.2, 2.1.3, 2.1.4, 2.1.5, 2.1.6, 2.1.7, 2.1.8, 2.1.9, 2.1.10, 2.1.11, 2.1.12, 2.1.13, 2.2.0, 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3, 2.2.4, 2.2.5, 2.2.6, 2.2.7, 2.2.8, 2.2.9, 2.2.10, 2.2.11, 2.3.0, 2.3.1, 2.3.2, 2.3.3, 2.3.4, 2.3.5, 2.3.6, 2.3.7, 2.3.8, 2.3.9, 2.3.10, 2.3.11, 2.3.12, 2.3.13, 2.3.14, 2.3.15, 2.3.16, 2.3.17, 2.3.18, 2.3.19, 2.3.20, 2.3.21, 2.3.22, 2.3.23, 2.3.24, 2.3.25, 2.3.26, 2.3.27, 2.3.28, 2.3.29, 2.3.30, 2.3.31, 2.3.32, 2.3.33, 2.3.34, 2.3.35, 2.3.36, 2.3.37, 2.3.38, 2.3.39, 2.3.40, 2.3.41, 2.3.42, 2.4.0, 2.4.1, 2.4.2, 2.4.3, 2.4.4, 2.4.5, 2.4.6, 2.4.7, 2.4.8, 2.4.9, 2.4.10, 2.5.0, 2.5.1, 2.5.2, 2.5.3, 2.5.4, 2.5.5, 2.5.6, 2.5.7, 2.5.8, 2.5.9, 2.5.10, 2.5.11, 2.5.12, 2.6.0, 2.6.1, 2.6.2, 2.6.3, 2.6.4, 2.6.5, 2.6.6, 2.6.7, 2.6.8, 2.6.9, 2.6.10, 2.6.11, 2.6.12, 2.6.13, 2.7.0, 2.7.1, 2.7.2, 2.7.3, 2.7.4, 2.7.5, 2.7.6, 2.7.7, 2.7.8, 2.7.9, 2.7.10, 2.7.11, 2.7.12, 2.7.13, 2.7.14, 2.7.15, 2.7.16, 2.7.17, 2.7.18, 2.7.19, 2.7.20, 2.7.21, 2.7.22, 2.7.23, 2.7.24, 2.7.25, 2.7.26, 2.7.27, 2.7.28, 2.7.29, 2.7.30, 2.7.31, 2.7.32, 2.7.33, 2.7.34, 2.7.35, 2.7.36, 2.7.37, 2.7.38, 2.7.39, 2.7.40, 2.7.41, 2.7.42, 2.7.43, 2.7.44, 2.7.45, 2.7.46, 2.7.47, 2.7.48, 2.7.49, 2.7.50, 2.7.51, 2.7.52, 2.8.0, 2.8.1, 2.8.2, 2.8.3, 2.8.4, 2.8.5, 2.8.6, 2.8.7, 2.8.8, 2.8.9, 2.8.10, 2.8.11, 2.8.12, 2.8.13, 2.8.14, 2.8.15, 2.8.16, 2.8.17, 2.8.18, 2.8.19, 2.8.20, 2.8.21, 2.8.22, 2.8.23, 2.8.24, 2.8.25, 2.8.26, 2.8.27, 2.8.28, 2.8.29, 2.8.30, 2.8.31, 2.8.32, 2.8.33, 2.8.34, 2.8.35, 2.8.36, 2.8.37, 2.8.38, 2.8.39, 2.8.40, 2.8.41, 2.8.42, 2.8.43, 2.8.44, 2.8.45, 2.8.46, 2.8.47, 2.8.48, 2.8.49, 2.8.50, 2.8.51, 2.8.52, 3.0.0, 3.0.1, 3.0.2, 3.0.3, 3.0.4, 3.0.5, 3.0.6, 3.0.7, 3.0.8, 3.0.9, 3.1.0, 3.1.1, 3.1.2, 3.1.3, 3.1.4, 3.1.5, 3.1.6, 3.1.7, 3.1.8, 3.1.9, 3.1.10, 3.2.0, 3.2.1, 3.2.2, 3.2.3, 3.2.4, 3.2.5, 3.2.6, 3.2.7, 3.2.8, 3.2.9, 3.2.10, 3.2.11, 3.2.12, 3.2.13, 3.2.14, 3.3.0, 3.3.1, 3.3.2, 3.3.3, 3.3.4, 3.3.5, 3.3.6, 3.3.7, 3.3.8, 3.3.9, 3.3.10, 3.3.11, 3.3.12, 3.3.13, 3.3.14, 3.3.15, 3.3.16, 3.3.17, 3.3.18, 3.4.0, 3.4.1, 3.4.2, 3.4.3, 3.4.4, 3.4.5, 3.4.6, 3.4.7, 3.4.8, 3.4.9, 3.4.10, 3.4.11, 3.4.12, 3.4.13, 3.4.14, 3.4.15, 3.4.16, 3.4.17, 3.4.18, 3.4.19, 3.4.20, 3.4.21, 3.4.22, 3.4.23, 3.4.24, 3.4.25, 3.4.26, 3.4.27, 3.4.28, 3.4.29, 3.4.30, 3.4.31, 3.4.32, 3.4.33, 3.4.34, 3.4.35, 3.4.36, 3.4.37, 3.4.38, 3.4.39, 3.4.40, 3.4.41, 3.4.42, 3.4.43, 3.4.44, 3.4.45, 3.4.46, 3.4.47, 3.4.48, 3.4.49, 4.0.0, 4.0.1, 4.0.2, 4.0.3, 4.0.4, 4.0.5, 4.0.6, 4.0.7, 4.0.8, 4.0.9, 4.0.10, 4.0.11, 4.0.12, 4.0.13, 4.0.14, 4.0.15, 4.1.0, 4.1.1, 4.1.2, 4.1.3, 4.1.4, 4.1.5, 4.1.6, 4.1.7, 4.1.8, 4.1.9, 4.1.10, 4.1.11, 4.1.12, 4.1.13, 4.2.0, 4.2.1, 4.2.2, 4.2.3, 4.2.4, 4.2.5, 4.2.6, 4.2.7, 4.2.8, 4.2.9, 4.2.10, 4.2.11, 4.2.12, 4.3.0, 4.3.1, 4.3.2, 4.3.3, 4.3.4, 4.3.5, 4.3.6, 4.3.7, 4.3.8, 4.3.9, 4.3.10, 4.3.11, 4.4.0, 4.4.1, 4.4.2, 4.4.3, 4.4.4, 4.4.5, 4.4.6, 4.4.7, 4.4.8, 4.4.9, 4.4.10, 4.4.11, 4.4.12, 4.4.13, 4.4.14, 4.4.15, 4.4.16, 4.4.17, 4.4.18, 4.4.19, 4.4.20, 4.4.21, 4.4.22, 4.4.23, 4.4.24, 4.4.25, 4.4.26, 4.4.27, 4.4.28, 4.4.29, 4.4.30, 4.4.31, 4.4.32, 4.4.33, 4.4.34, 4.4.35, 4.4.36, 4.4.37, 4.4.38, 4.4.39, 4.4.40, 4.4.41, 4.4.42, 4.4.43, 4.4.44, 4.4.45, 4.4.46, 4.4.47, 4.4.48, 4.4.49, 5.0.0, 5.0.1, 5.0.2, 5.0.3, 5.0.4, 5.0.5, 5.0.6, 5.0.7, 5.0.8, 5.0.9, 5.0.10, 5.0.11, 5.1.0, 5.1.1, 5.1.2, 5.1.3, 5.1.4, 5.1.5, 5.1.6, 5.1.7, 5.1.8, 5.1.9, 5.1.10, 5.1.11, 5.2.0, 5.2.1, 5.2.2, 5.2.3, 5.2.4, 5.2.5, 5.2.6, 5.2.7, 5.2.8, 5.2.9, 5.2.10, 5.2.11, 5.2.12, 5.2.13, 5.2.14, 5.3.0, 5.3.1, 5.3.2, 5.3.3, 5.3.4, 5.3.5, 5.3.6, 5.3.7, 5.3.8, 5.3.9, 5.3.10, 5.3.11, 5.3.12, 5.3.13, 5.3.14, 5.3.15, 5.3.16, 5.4.0, 5.4.1, 5.4.2, 5.4.3, 5.4.4, 5.4.5, 5.4.6, 5.4.7, 5.4.8, 5.4.9, 5.4.10, 5.4.11, 5.4.12, 5.4.13, 5.4.14, 5.4.15, 5.4.16, 5.4.17, 5.4.18, 5.4.19, 6.0.0, 6.0.1, 6.0.2, 6.0.3, 6.0.4, 6.0.5, 6.0.6, 6.0.7, 6.0.8, 6.0.9, 6.0.10, 6.0.11, 6.0.12, 6.0.13, 6.0.14, 6.0.15, 6.0.16, 6.0.17, 6.0.18, 6.0.19, 6.1.0, 6.1.1, 6.1.2, 6.1.3, 6.1.4, 6.1.5, 6.1.6, 6.1.7, 6.1.8, 6.1.9, 6.1.10, 6.1.11, 6.2.0, 6.2.1, 6.2.2, 6.2.3, 6.2.4, 6.2.5
All unaffected versions: 4.4.50, 4.4.51, 5.4.20, 5.4.21, 5.4.22, 5.4.23, 5.4.24, 5.4.25, 5.4.26, 5.4.27, 5.4.28, 5.4.29, 5.4.30, 5.4.31, 5.4.32, 5.4.33, 5.4.34, 5.4.35, 5.4.36, 5.4.37, 5.4.38, 5.4.39, 5.4.40, 5.4.41, 5.4.42, 5.4.43, 5.4.44, 5.4.45, 5.4.46, 5.4.47, 5.4.48, 5.4.49, 6.0.20, 6.1.12, 6.2.6, 6.2.7, 6.2.8, 6.2.9, 6.2.10, 6.2.11, 6.2.12, 6.2.13, 6.2.14, 6.3.0, 6.3.1, 6.3.2, 6.3.3, 6.3.4, 6.3.5, 6.3.6, 6.3.7, 6.3.8, 6.3.9, 6.3.10, 6.3.11, 6.3.12, 6.4.0, 6.4.1, 6.4.2, 6.4.3, 6.4.4, 6.4.5, 6.4.6, 6.4.7, 6.4.8, 6.4.9, 6.4.10, 6.4.11, 6.4.12, 6.4.13, 6.4.14, 6.4.15, 6.4.16, 6.4.17, 7.0.0, 7.0.1, 7.0.2, 7.0.3, 7.0.4, 7.0.5, 7.0.6, 7.0.7, 7.0.8, 7.0.9, 7.0.10, 7.1.0, 7.1.1, 7.1.2, 7.1.3, 7.1.4, 7.1.5, 7.1.6, 7.1.7, 7.1.8, 7.1.9, 7.1.10, 7.2.0, 7.2.1, 7.2.2
packagist:symfony/http-kernel
Dependent packages: 5,492
Dependent repositories: 534,064
Downloads: 622,959,440 total
Affected Version Ranges: >= 6.2.0, < 6.2.6, >= 6.1.0, < 6.1.12, >= 6.0.0, < 6.0.20, >= 5.0.0, < 5.4.20, >= 2.0.0, < 4.4.50
Fixed in: 6.2.6, 6.1.12, 6.0.20, 5.4.20, 4.4.50
All affected versions: 2.0.4, 2.0.5, 2.0.6, 2.0.7, 2.0.9, 2.0.10, 2.0.12, 2.0.13, 2.0.14, 2.0.15, 2.0.16, 2.0.17, 2.0.18, 2.0.19, 2.0.20, 2.0.21, 2.0.22, 2.0.23, 2.0.24, 2.0.25, 2.1.0, 2.1.1, 2.1.2, 2.1.3, 2.1.4, 2.1.5, 2.1.6, 2.1.7, 2.1.8, 2.1.9, 2.1.10, 2.1.11, 2.1.12, 2.1.13, 2.2.0, 2.2.1, 2.2.2, 2.2.3, 2.2.4, 2.2.5, 2.2.6, 2.2.7, 2.2.8, 2.2.9, 2.2.10, 2.2.11, 2.3.0, 2.3.1, 2.3.2, 2.3.3, 2.3.4, 2.3.5, 2.3.6, 2.3.7, 2.3.8, 2.3.9, 2.3.10, 2.3.11, 2.3.12, 2.3.13, 2.3.14, 2.3.15, 2.3.16, 2.3.17, 2.3.18, 2.3.19, 2.3.20, 2.3.21, 2.3.22, 2.3.23, 2.3.24, 2.3.25, 2.3.26, 2.3.27, 2.3.28, 2.3.29, 2.3.30, 2.3.31, 2.3.32, 2.3.33, 2.3.34, 2.3.35, 2.3.36, 2.3.37, 2.3.38, 2.3.39, 2.3.40, 2.3.41, 2.3.42, 2.4.0, 2.4.1, 2.4.2, 2.4.3, 2.4.4, 2.4.5, 2.4.6, 2.4.7, 2.4.8, 2.4.9, 2.4.10, 2.5.0, 2.5.1, 2.5.2, 2.5.3, 2.5.4, 2.5.5, 2.5.6, 2.5.7, 2.5.8, 2.5.9, 2.5.10, 2.5.11, 2.5.12, 2.6.0, 2.6.1, 2.6.2, 2.6.3, 2.6.4, 2.6.5, 2.6.6, 2.6.7, 2.6.8, 2.6.9, 2.6.10, 2.6.11, 2.6.12, 2.6.13, 2.7.0, 2.7.1, 2.7.2, 2.7.3, 2.7.4, 2.7.5, 2.7.6, 2.7.7, 2.7.8, 2.7.9, 2.7.10, 2.7.11, 2.7.12, 2.7.13, 2.7.14, 2.7.15, 2.7.16, 2.7.17, 2.7.18, 2.7.19, 2.7.20, 2.7.21, 2.7.22, 2.7.23, 2.7.24, 2.7.25, 2.7.26, 2.7.27, 2.7.28, 2.7.29, 2.7.30, 2.7.31, 2.7.32, 2.7.33, 2.7.34, 2.7.35, 2.7.36, 2.7.37, 2.7.38, 2.7.39, 2.7.40, 2.7.41, 2.7.42, 2.7.43, 2.7.44, 2.7.45, 2.7.46, 2.7.47, 2.7.48, 2.7.49, 2.7.50, 2.7.51, 2.7.52, 2.8.0, 2.8.1, 2.8.2, 2.8.3, 2.8.4, 2.8.5, 2.8.6, 2.8.7, 2.8.8, 2.8.9, 2.8.10, 2.8.11, 2.8.12, 2.8.13, 2.8.14, 2.8.15, 2.8.16, 2.8.17, 2.8.18, 2.8.19, 2.8.20, 2.8.21, 2.8.22, 2.8.23, 2.8.24, 2.8.25, 2.8.26, 2.8.27, 2.8.28, 2.8.29, 2.8.30, 2.8.31, 2.8.32, 2.8.33, 2.8.34, 2.8.35, 2.8.36, 2.8.37, 2.8.38, 2.8.39, 2.8.40, 2.8.41, 2.8.42, 2.8.43, 2.8.44, 2.8.45, 2.8.46, 2.8.47, 2.8.48, 2.8.49, 2.8.50, 2.8.51, 2.8.52, 3.0.0, 3.0.1, 3.0.2, 3.0.3, 3.0.4, 3.0.5, 3.0.6, 3.0.7, 3.0.8, 3.0.9, 3.1.0, 3.1.1, 3.1.2, 3.1.3, 3.1.4, 3.1.5, 3.1.6, 3.1.7, 3.1.8, 3.1.9, 3.1.10, 3.2.0, 3.2.1, 3.2.2, 3.2.3, 3.2.4, 3.2.5, 3.2.6, 3.2.7, 3.2.8, 3.2.9, 3.2.10, 3.2.11, 3.2.12, 3.2.13, 3.2.14, 3.3.0, 3.3.1, 3.3.2, 3.3.3, 3.3.4, 3.3.5, 3.3.6, 3.3.7, 3.3.8, 3.3.9, 3.3.10, 3.3.11, 3.3.12, 3.3.13, 3.3.14, 3.3.15, 3.3.16, 3.3.17, 3.3.18, 3.4.0, 3.4.1, 3.4.2, 3.4.3, 3.4.4, 3.4.5, 3.4.6, 3.4.7, 3.4.8, 3.4.9, 3.4.10, 3.4.11, 3.4.12, 3.4.13, 3.4.14, 3.4.15, 3.4.16, 3.4.17, 3.4.18, 3.4.19, 3.4.20, 3.4.21, 3.4.22, 3.4.23, 3.4.24, 3.4.25, 3.4.26, 3.4.27, 3.4.28, 3.4.29, 3.4.30, 3.4.31, 3.4.32, 3.4.33, 3.4.34, 3.4.35, 3.4.36, 3.4.37, 3.4.38, 3.4.39, 3.4.40, 3.4.41, 3.4.42, 3.4.43, 3.4.44, 3.4.45, 3.4.46, 3.4.47, 3.4.48, 3.4.49, 4.0.0, 4.0.1, 4.0.2, 4.0.3, 4.0.4, 4.0.5, 4.0.6, 4.0.7, 4.0.8, 4.0.9, 4.0.10, 4.0.11, 4.0.12, 4.0.13, 4.0.14, 4.0.15, 4.1.0, 4.1.1, 4.1.2, 4.1.3, 4.1.4, 4.1.5, 4.1.6, 4.1.7, 4.1.8, 4.1.9, 4.1.10, 4.1.11, 4.1.12, 4.1.13, 4.2.0, 4.2.1, 4.2.2, 4.2.3, 4.2.4, 4.2.5, 4.2.6, 4.2.7, 4.2.8, 4.2.9, 4.2.10, 4.2.11, 4.2.12, 4.3.0, 4.3.1, 4.3.2, 4.3.3, 4.3.4, 4.3.5, 4.3.6, 4.3.7, 4.3.8, 4.3.9, 4.3.10, 4.3.11, 4.4.0, 4.4.1, 4.4.2, 4.4.3, 4.4.4, 4.4.5, 4.4.6, 4.4.7, 4.4.8, 4.4.9, 4.4.10, 4.4.11, 4.4.12, 4.4.13, 4.4.14, 4.4.15, 4.4.16, 4.4.17, 4.4.18, 4.4.19, 4.4.20, 4.4.21, 4.4.22, 4.4.23, 4.4.24, 4.4.25, 4.4.26, 4.4.27, 4.4.28, 4.4.29, 4.4.30, 4.4.31, 4.4.32, 4.4.33, 4.4.34, 4.4.35, 4.4.36, 4.4.37, 4.4.38, 4.4.39, 4.4.40, 4.4.41, 4.4.42, 4.4.43, 4.4.44, 4.4.45, 4.4.46, 4.4.47, 4.4.48, 4.4.49, 5.0.0, 5.0.1, 5.0.2, 5.0.3, 5.0.4, 5.0.5, 5.0.6, 5.0.7, 5.0.8, 5.0.9, 5.0.10, 5.0.11, 5.1.0, 5.1.1, 5.1.2, 5.1.3, 5.1.4, 5.1.5, 5.1.6, 5.1.7, 5.1.8, 5.1.9, 5.1.10, 5.1.11, 5.2.0, 5.2.1, 5.2.2, 5.2.3, 5.2.4, 5.2.5, 5.2.6, 5.2.7, 5.2.8, 5.2.9, 5.2.10, 5.2.11, 5.2.12, 5.2.13, 5.2.14, 5.3.0, 5.3.1, 5.3.2, 5.3.3, 5.3.4, 5.3.5, 5.3.6, 5.3.7, 5.3.8, 5.3.9, 5.3.10, 5.3.11, 5.3.12, 5.3.13, 5.3.14, 5.3.15, 5.3.16, 5.4.0, 5.4.1, 5.4.2, 5.4.3, 5.4.4, 5.4.5, 5.4.6, 5.4.7, 5.4.8, 5.4.9, 5.4.10, 5.4.11, 5.4.12, 5.4.13, 5.4.14, 5.4.15, 5.4.16, 5.4.17, 5.4.18, 5.4.19, 6.0.0, 6.0.1, 6.0.2, 6.0.3, 6.0.4, 6.0.5, 6.0.6, 6.0.7, 6.0.8, 6.0.9, 6.0.10, 6.0.11, 6.0.12, 6.0.13, 6.0.14, 6.0.15, 6.0.16, 6.0.17, 6.0.18, 6.0.19, 6.1.0, 6.1.1, 6.1.2, 6.1.3, 6.1.4, 6.1.5, 6.1.6, 6.1.7, 6.1.8, 6.1.9, 6.1.10, 6.1.11, 6.2.0, 6.2.1, 6.2.2, 6.2.3, 6.2.4, 6.2.5
All unaffected versions: 4.4.50, 4.4.51, 5.4.20, 5.4.21, 5.4.22, 5.4.23, 5.4.24, 5.4.25, 5.4.26, 5.4.27, 5.4.28, 5.4.29, 5.4.30, 5.4.31, 5.4.32, 5.4.33, 5.4.34, 5.4.35, 5.4.36, 5.4.37, 5.4.38, 5.4.39, 5.4.40, 5.4.41, 5.4.42, 5.4.43, 5.4.44, 5.4.45, 5.4.46, 5.4.47, 5.4.48, 6.0.20, 6.1.12, 6.2.6, 6.2.7, 6.2.8, 6.2.9, 6.2.10, 6.2.11, 6.2.12, 6.2.13, 6.2.14, 6.3.0, 6.3.1, 6.3.2, 6.3.3, 6.3.4, 6.3.5, 6.3.6, 6.3.7, 6.3.8, 6.3.9, 6.3.10, 6.3.11, 6.3.12, 6.4.0, 6.4.1, 6.4.2, 6.4.3, 6.4.4, 6.4.5, 6.4.6, 6.4.7, 6.4.8, 6.4.9, 6.4.10, 6.4.11, 6.4.12, 6.4.13, 6.4.14, 6.4.15, 6.4.16, 7.0.0, 7.0.1, 7.0.2, 7.0.3, 7.0.4, 7.0.5, 7.0.6, 7.0.7, 7.0.8, 7.0.9, 7.0.10, 7.1.0, 7.1.1, 7.1.2, 7.1.3, 7.1.4, 7.1.5, 7.1.6, 7.1.7, 7.1.8, 7.1.9